French Beans Farming Guide: Growing, Disease And Prevention, Profit

Beans are a plant of vine group, on which the beans are called beans. It is a major green vegetable. Its color is green, yellow and white. Which are found in different sizes, its pods have medicinal properties. Therefore, man gets rid of many diseases by eating. Its plants are also used to make green manure.

Suitable soil

Fertile land with drainage is considered good for farming. But from the point of view of high yield, black soil should be grown, soil pH Values should be between 5.5-6.5.

Climate and temperature

The temperate climate is considered suitable for the cultivation of beans. Cold is needed for the best growth of its plants, and these plants are able to tolerate the frost in winter. But falling frost affects the yield. Heat and rain are not suitable for its plant.

The temperature for cultivation is suitable from 15 to 25 degrees, its seeds require a temperature around 20 degrees for germination. In summer, this plant can grow easily even at 30-degree temperature. But higher temperatures are harmful.

Advanced Varieties

Swarna Priya

Its beans are straight, long, flat, and soft fiberless. The plants, which are green in color, grow pods about 50 days after transplanting. The production per hectare of this variety is 11 tonnes.

Arka Sampoorna

This variety has been developed by the Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bangalore. Their plants do not get rust and powdery fungal disease. Yields begin around 50 to 60 days after transplanting. The production per hectare is 8 to 10 tons.

Arc Prosperity

This variety has also been developed by the Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bangalore. Legumes of this variety are green in color, which are round and long. It has thick peels. The production per hectare is found to be 19 tonnes.

Cotyledon Variety

Cotyledon variety grows as a vine. Most of which is cultivated in the plains.

Golden Vine

The legumes applied on its plants are long, thick, and fleshy, and the color is green. Plants of this variety start yielding 60 days after transplanting. Production is between 12 and 14 tonnes per hectare.

Arka Krishna

This variety is used in growing early crops. Its plants are unable to tolerate strong sunlight. On this, the fruits are bunched, the color is dark green. Production is found to be up to 30 tonnes per hectare.

Method Of Planting Beans And Weed Control

Transplanting of its seeds can be done by hand or through the drill. The seed should be treated before planting in the field. Carbendazim, theram, or cow urine should be used to treat the seeds. 85 – 100 kg of seed is suitable for transplanting in one hectare. Transplanting is done in the field for cultivation. Its seeds are grown in rows through drills in rows.

Transplanting of its seeds is done in different months depending on the place, September in the northwestern states, from the last of October in the northeastern states, from November to November, and in the hilly regions in June and July, and in South India, in the winter months. It is done in the season.

Irrigation Of Plants

Its plants have a general need for water. Its seeds should be irrigated immediately after growing in a dry land. After that, till the seeds germinate, the soil remains moist, for this, light irrigation should be done at intervals of three to four days. During the growth of the plant, irrigation at intervals of 20 to 25 days is necessary.
Its plants have a general need for water. Its seeds should be irrigated immediately after growing in a dry land. After that, till the seeds germinate, the soil remains moist, for this, light irrigation should be done at intervals of three to four days.

Fertilizer Care

At the time of plowing, add 10 to 12 cartridges of rotten old cow dung to the field. D.A.P. in chemical fertilizers. Approximately 60 kg per acre should be given at the time of the last plowing of the field. When the plant starts to flower, then 25 kg of urea per acre should be given with irrigation, this yields a good yield.

Weed Control

Weed control is done both chemically and naturally. Pendimethalin should be sprayed immediately after planting seeds for weed control in a genetic way. While weeding is done for natural weed control. In the cultivation of beans, two hoeings are enough, the first 20 days after transplanting, and the second hoeing should be done about 15 to 20 days after first hoeing.

Disease And Prevention

Stem Rot

Stem rot is caused by waterlogging and viruses on plants. The effect of which is more visible at the time of germination of the plant. In this disease, brownish-yellow spots appear on the leaves of the plant.
Carbendazim should be sprayed in the roots of plants to prevent this disease.

Mosaic

In this, the leaves of the plant start shrinking, and green and yellow spots appear. This stops the growth of the plant.
To prevent this disease, uproot and destroy the plant or sprinkle Rogor on the plants.

Pod Borer

This causes more damage to yields. In this disease, the larvae pierce the beans and eat the raw seeds. Due to which the yield is spoiled.
To prevent this, neem decoction should be sprinkled on the plants. In addition, spraying of Nuvakran can also be done on plants.

Yield And Profit

Bean is cultivated for about three months. Its average yield is found to be around 15 tonnes per acre. The prices of which are found in the market retail up to Rs. 30 per kg. Due to which he earns up to three lakhs per hectare.

Kalpesh Pathak

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